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Nassima HADRI, Kasdi Merbah University Ouargla, Natural Sciences and Life Sciences faculty, Biological Sciences Department, Lab of Protecting Ecosystems in Arid and Semi-Arid areas., Ouargla 30000, Algeria.Follow
Mohamed Didi OULD EL-HADJ, Kasdi Merbah University Ouargla, Natural Sciences and Life Sciences faculty, Biological Sciences Department, Lab of Protecting Eco-systems in Arid and Semi-Arid areas., Ouargla 30000, Algeria
Zineb MAHCENE, Kasdi Merbah University Ouargla, Natural Sciences and Life Sciences faculty, Biological Sciences Department, Lab of Protecting Eco-systems in Arid and Semi-Arid areas., Ouargla 30000, Algeria.
Fatih BOZKURT, Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul 34210, Tur-key; muarici@yildiz.edu.tr (M.A.).
Rusen Metin YILDIRIM, Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul 34210, Tur-key; muarici@yildiz.edu.tr (M.A.).
Youcef RAHMANI, Scientific and Technical Research in Physicochemical Analysis (C.R.A.P.C), Algerie.
Aicha TEDJANI, Kasdi Merbah University Ouargla, Natural Sciences and Life Sciences faculty, Biological Sciences Department, Lab of Protecting Eco-systems in Arid and Semi-Arid areas., Ouargla 30000, Algeria
Muhammet ARICI, Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul 34210, Tur-key; muarici@yildiz.edu.tr (M.A.).

Abstract

Phenolic compounds from olive mill wastewater (PCO) of Algerian origin were used to produce sodium alginate-based active films using the casting method. The effects of adding various concentrations of PCO (0%, 0.1%, and 0.2% w/v) were evaluated regarding the molecular, morphological, thermal, physicochemical, optical, barrier, biodegradability, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of the alginate films. The FTIR and SEM results elucidated the development of a coherent cross-linked structure attributed to hydrogen bonding interactions between PCO and alginate chains. Consequently, the films exhibited enhanced crystallinity and thermal stability, as revealed by DSC analysis. Moreover, PCO addition positively influenced several film properties, including color attributes. As the PCO concentration increased from 0% to 0.2%, significant improvements were observed in tensile strength, thickness, phenolic content, and opacity, with maximum values reaching 19.666 MPa, 0.107 mm, 80.264 µg/g, and 0.869, respectively. Additionally, the water barrier capacity and oxidative stability of sunflower oil improved significantly, with the lowest values of 0.009 kg cm m− 2 kPa− 1d− 1 and 8.94 meq/Kg observed at a 0.2% PCO concentration. On the other hand, the film exhibited biodegradability, as evidenced by water resistance tests. The results showed that sodium alginate film coating containing PCO exhibited good anti-foodborne pathogen capacities against E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica with an inhibition zone between 14.6 and 19.6 mm, as well as a significant enhancement of antioxidant properties (79.506–98.682%) was observed. In conclusion, sodium alginate-based active films incorporated with PCO have demonstrated intriguing properties, making them suitable for food packaging.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.

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